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Ad hoc is a Latin phrase which means "for this [purpose]". It generally signifies a solution designed for a specific problem or task, non-generalisable, and which cannot be adapted to other purposes. Common examples are organizations, committees, and commissions created at the national or international level for a specific task; in other fields the term may refer, for example, to a tailor-made suit, a handcrafted network protocol, or a purpose-specific equation. Ad hoc can also have connotations of a makeshift solution, inadequate planning, or improvised events. Other derivates of the Latin include AdHoc, adhoc and ad-hoc. Ad hoc organizations, to include committees, are used when an objective needs consideration and no standing organ/committee within said organization can absorb that issue into its scope. Usually these committees are used on a temporary basis, such as temporary oversight of an issue, or review of the standing rules or the constitution of that organization. In an ad-hoc network, the connection is established for the duration of one session and requires no base station. Instead, devices discover others within range to form a network for those computers. Devices may search for target nodes that are out of range by flooding the network with broadcasts that are forwarded by each node. Connections are possible over multiple nodes (multihop ad hoc network). Routing protocols then provide stable connections even if nodes are moving around. Sony's PlayStation Portable uses ad hoc connections for wireless multiplayer gaming, as does the Nintendo DS (although Nintendo does not officially use the term). Technically, the Nintendo Game Boy used this method for linking up to each other in a wired (Game Link Cable) or wireless (Game Boy Color IR Port, Game Boy Advance Wireless Adapter) mode.
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