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The Belarusian People's Republic (Belarusian ??????´???? ????´???? ?????´?????, IPA&_160;[b?e?a'ruskaja na'rodnaja r?s'publ?ika], translit.&_160; Belaruskaya Narodnaya Respublika) was an independent Belarusian state, which declared independence in 1918. It is also called the Belarusian National Republic, in order to distinguish it from communist People's Republics, and the current BNR Rada refers to it as Belarusan Democratic Republic. The BNR was not recognized by the majority of countries, and ceased to exist since Belarus was taken under Soviet control and foundation of Belorussian SSR in 1919, though BNR authorities later formed a government in exile. The Belarusian People's Republic was declared on March 25, 1918 during World War I, when Belarus was occupied by the Germans according to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, as part of the implementation of the German plan for buffer states within Mitteleuropa. The BNR did not become a real state it did not have a constitution, armed forces (although the attempts to create them are documented[1]), definite territoriality, etc. After the German army retreated from the territory of Belarus and the Red Army started moving in to establish the Socialist Soviet Republic of Belarus, in December 1918 the Rada (Council) of the BNR moved to Hrodna, which was the centre of a semi-autonomous Belarusian region within the Lithuanian Republic.[1] During the subsequent 1919 Polish invasion, the Rada went into exile and facilitated an anticommunist struggle within the country during the 1920s and as a representative of Belarus was recognised by Germany, Lithuania and Czechoslovakia.[citation needed] The exiled government still exists. Similar governments-in-exile of the neighboring countries (Lithuania, Poland and others) handed back their "authorities" to the corresponding independent governments in the 1990s, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The BNR council has not done this because it views the current Belarusian government of president Alexander Lukashenko as an anti-Belarusian, anti-independence, and an anti-democratic power. [2]
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