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Coordinates 50°59'0?N 11°2'0?E? / ?50.98333, 11.03333 Erfurt is located 100 km SW of Leipzig, 113 km SW of Kassel and 180 km SE of Hannover. Erfurt Airport can be reached by plane via Munich, Düsseldorf and Hamburg. Since the Reunification of Germany on October 3, 1990, Erfurt is the main city nearest to the geographical centre of the country. It lies in the southern part of the Thuringian Basin, within the wide valley of Gera River, a tributary of the Unstrut. To the south, the city is surrounded by hilly forest ("Steigerwald"). Erfurt was first mentioned in 742 under the name of "Erphesfurt". It was an important trading town during the Middle Ages near a ford across the Gera river. Together with the other five Thuringian woad-towns of Gotha, Tennstedt, Arnstadt and Langensalza it was the centre of the German woad trade.
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