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North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK),[4] a state located in East Asia, in the northern half of the Korean Peninsula, with its capital and largest city being Pyongyang. To the south, separated by the Korean Demilitarized Zone, lies South Korea, with which it formed the Korean Empire until its occupation and division following World War II. At its northern Amnok River border are China and, separated by the Tumen River in the extreme north-east, Russia. North Korea is a one party state.[5][6][7][8][9][10] The country's government styles itself as following the Juche ideology of self reliance, developed by Kim Il-sung, the country's former leader. The current leader is Kim Jong-il, the late president Kim Il-sung's son. Relations are strongest with other officially socialist states Vietnam, Laos, and especially China, as well as with Russia, Cambodia and Myanmar. Following a major famine in the early 1990s, due partly to the collapse of the Soviet Union (previously a major economic partner), leader Kim Jong-il instigated the "Military-First" policy in 1995, increasing economic concentration and support for the military. North Korea occupies the northern portion of the Korean Peninsula, covering an area of 120,540&_160;square kilometres (46,541&_160;sq&_160;mi) (roughly the size of the American state Pennsylvania). North Korea shares land borders with China and Russia to the north, and borders South Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone. To its west are the Yellow Sea and Korea Bay, and to its east lies Japan across the Sea of Japan (East Sea of Korea). The highest point in North Korea is Paektu-san Mountain at 2,744&_160;metres (9,003&_160;ft). The longest river is the Amnok River which flows for 790&_160;kilometres (491&_160;mi).[11]
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