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Transpersonal Several humanistic psychologists—such as Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, and Erich Fromm—developed successful theories and practices that involved human happiness. Recently the theories of human flourishing developed by these humanistic psychologists have found empirical support from studies by humanistic and positive psychologists, such as in the area of self-determination theory.[2] Current empirical researchers in positive psychology include Martin Seligman,[1] Ed Diener,[1] Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi,[1], C. R. Snyder,[1] Christopher Peterson,[1] Barbara Fredrickson,[1] Donald Clifton, Albert Bandura, Shelley Taylor, Charles S. Carver, Michael F. Scheier, and Jonathan Haidt.[3] Positive psychology began as a new area of psychology in 1998 when Martin Seligman, considered the father of the modern positive psychology movement,[4] chose it as the theme for his term as president of the American Psychological Association,[5] though the term originates with Maslow, in his 1954 book Motivation and Personality.[6] Seligman pointed out that for the half century clinical psychology "has been consumed by a single topic only - mental illness",[7] echoing Maslow’s comments.[8] He urged psychologists to continue the earlier missions of psychology of nurturing talent and improving normal life.[1]
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