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Probability is the likelihood or chance that something is the case or will happen. Probability theory is used extensively in areas such as statistics, mathematics, science and philosophy to draw conclusions about the likelihood of potential events and the underlying mechanics of complex systems. The word probability does not have a consistent direct definition. In fact, there are two broad categories of probability interpretations Probability has an interesting etymology. Its meaning today is almost the opposite of the meaning of the word from which it originated. Before the seventeenth century, legal evidence in Europe was considered to greater weight if a person testifying had “probity”. “empirical evidence” was barely a concept. Probity was a measure of authority, so evidence came from authority. A noble person had probity. Yet today, probability is the very measure of the weight of empirical evidence in science, arrived at from inductive or statistical inference.[1][2] The scientific study of probability is a modern development. Gambling shows that there has been an interest in quantifying the ideas of probability for millennia, but exact mathematical descriptions of use in those problems only arose much later.
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