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Probation is the suspension of all or part of a jail sentence; the criminal who is "on probation" has been convicted of a crime, but instead of serving jail time, has been found by the Court to be amenable to probation and will be returned to the community for a period in which they will have to abide to certain conditions set forth by the Court under the supervision of a probation officer; or has served part of the sentence but has been released before its end. General conditions may include maintaining employment, abiding to a curfew, living where directed, abstaining from unlawful behavior, following the probation officer's orders, not absconding, and refraining from contact with other individuals, who may include victims of the original crime (such as a former partner in a domestic violence case), potential victims of similar crimes (such as minors when the crime involves child sexual abuse), potential witnesses, or those who have partnered with the offender in the earlier crime. In some cases the offender on probation is fitted with an electronic tag which signals his or her whereabouts to officials.

In the United States, there is Federal Probation, State Probation (run by either the state or by county governments), and Probation in the US Territories. Each of these systems has some similarities, but the scope, mission, and fundamental operations vary widely. Some states combine probation with parole in one agency, some combine adult and juvenile probation together, and some have separate systems for each.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Most Probation Officers/Agents are armed, 39 State, Territories and Federal Probation either mandate or have optional arming of officers, and this trend is increasing as the threat to the public and the officers evolves and increases, as does the and the public demand of safety and accountability . ^[5]

Usually the offender is supervised by a probation officer, to monitor their performance during the probation period. The probation officer helps the offender to adapt to living in the community; to guide and help them to behave in a lawful and responsible way. Conversely, the probation officer also monitors the offender to ensure a lack of future criminal behavior. The probation officer may have to revoke the offender's probation or have to arrest the offender.

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