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The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is a branch of the United States armed forces responsible for providing force projection from the sea,[2] using the mobility of the U.S. Navy to rapidly deliver combined-arms task forces. It is one of seven uniformed services of the U.S. Administratively, the Marine Corps is a component of the Department of the Navy,[3][4] but it acts operationally as a separate branch of the military, often working closely with US Naval forces for training, transportation, and logistic purposes. Originally organized as the Continental Marines on November 10, 1775, by Samuel Nicholas in Philadelphia, as naval infantry, the Marine Corps has evolved in its mission with changing military doctrine and American foreign policy. The Marine Corps has served in every American armed conflict and attained prominence in the 20th century when its theories and practice of amphibious warfare proved prescient and ultimately formed the cornerstone of the Pacific campaign of World War II.[5] By the mid 20th century, the Marine Corps had become the dominant theorist and practitioner of amphibious warfare.[6][7][8] Its ability to respond rapidly to regional crises gives it a strong role in the implementation and execution of American foreign policy.[9] The United States Marine Corps, with just under 200,000 active duty and 40,000 reserve Marines,[10] is the smallest of the United States' armed forces in the Department of Defense (the United States Coast Guard is smaller, about one fifth the size of the Marine Corps, but serves under Homeland Security). The Corps is nonetheless larger than the entire armed forces of many significant military powers; for example, it is larger than the active duty Israel Defense Forces or the whole of the British Army.[11][12] The United States Marine Corps serves as an amphibious force-in-readiness. As outlined in 10 U.S.C.&_160;ยง&_160;5063, and originally introduced under the National Security Act of 1947, it has three primary areas of responsibility
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