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The voluntary sector (also non-profit sector) is the sphere of social activity undertaken by organizations that are non-profit[1] and non-governmental. This sector is also called the third sector, in reference to the public sector and the private sector. Civic sector is another term for the sector, emphasizing the sector's relationship to civil society. What constitutes the voluntary sector may be interpreted widely or narrowly, and may include such diverse groups as advocacy/interest groups, think tanks, social movements, political parties, charitable organizations, volunteer community organizations, and religious organizations. The voluntary sector may be said to comprise organizations with a social purpose, although usually not including those with a primary focus on social enterprise or social entrepreneurship activities. In Japan since the 1980s, the third sector (Japanese ??????, romanized daisan sekuta) refers to joint corporations invested both by the public sector and private sector. The Cabinet Office of the British government has an Office of the Third Sector that defines the "third sector" as "the place between State and (the) private sector."[2]
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